A GUIDELINE FOR SEISMIC SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY INTERPRETATION

Geologists use the concept of seismic and sequence stratigraphy during hydrocarbon exploration and production stages at different scales. While seismic stratigraphy is applied at the exploration scale, sequence stratigraphy, on the other hand, following the concept of chronostratigraphy, is applied at the production scale using the vail concepts in relation to cores, wireline logs, and outcrops. In other words, seismic stratigraphy involves the interpretation of seismic reflection data by extracting geologic and stratigraphic information. Seismic sequence stratigraphy, therefore, can be further subdivided and in order to analyze a seismic sequence and depositional time units that are separated on the basis of identifying unconformities or seismic pattern changes. In contrast, seismic facies involve the delineation of depositional environments from the characteristics of seismic reflection data. This is achieved by examining reflection events or series of events through their lateral variations to identify changes in stratigraphy and the nature of such changes. The fundamental tool used for this analysis is modeling, which begins with well tie and seismic logs studies. Moreover, understanding the deep-water reservoir architecture is essential in improving reservoir production performance. Sequence stratigraphy underlines relationships between facies and stratal structure in a chronological context. Due to its widespread use, the stratigraphy sequence must still be even involved in the stratigraphic code or guide. The lack of consistency illustrates different methods (or models) and the presence of ambiguous or even contradictory concepts. Standardizing sequence stratigraphy necessitates defining the basic model-independent definitions, groups, bounding surfaces, and layout that illustrate the technique's framework. A standardized methodology must be expansive enough to cover all possible solution options, instead of just a standard frame or model. The stratigraphic sequence comprises genetic units resulted from multifaceted exchanges of accommodation and sedimentation such as (highstand ordinary regressive, low standing, transgressive, and forced regressive), all these intervals must be bounded by sequence stratigraphic surfaces either unconformity, maximum flooding surfaces, or correlative conformity surfaces. Every Single genetic unit can be characterized by certain patterns of stratal stacking and surface boundaries and contains a correlatable depositional systems tract. The system tracts and stratigraphic sequence surfaces mappability rely on the setting of the deposition and data set used for the interpretation. This article presents a quick guidelines for the seismic sequence stratigraphy, these steps been discussed in details in the body text and involved; Generating the synthetic seismogram, reflection termination identification, locating the sequence boundaries, subdividing the seismic section into seismic sequences, seismic facies, and seismic sequence shape or geometries. ©2006-2021 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved.