Energy Demand Model of the Household Sector and Its Application in Developing Metropolitan Cities( Case Study: Tehran)

The present study deals with the economic and environmental assessment of
energy conservation in residential buildings. In this approach, the heating and cooling loads
of a typical residential building in Tehran with micro gas turbine units have been
considered. This 8000 m2 area building possesses 10 floors with 4 units per floor. Five
distinguished scenarios, wall insulation, roof insulation, shading, triple glazing and all of the
four energy conversation methods have been proposed concerning the decrease in the
energy usage. Each of the energy conservation methods was studied separately in four
former scenarios and all of these methods were investigated simultaneously in the fifth latter
scenario. To achieve the heating, cooling and electrical loads, a number of 30 kW combined
heat and power (CHP) micro gas turbine units have been taken into consideration without
energy conversation methods. The results show that the best scenario concerning the minimum value of energy loss is that for which the mean heating and cooling loads were 514.58
and 519.08 kW, respectively. Also the number of CHP micro gas turbine units reduces from
30 to 11 and also the total electricity cost decrease from 0.32 to 0.16 US$/kWh with
consideration social cost of air pollution.