Characterization of toxic metals in tobacco, tobacco smoke, and cigarette ash from selected imported and local brands in Pakistan

Ajab, H. and Yaqub, A. and Malik, S.A. and Junaid, M. and Yasmeen, S. and Abdullah, M.A. (2014) Characterization of toxic metals in tobacco, tobacco smoke, and cigarette ash from selected imported and local brands in Pakistan. The Scientific World Journal, 2014.

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Abstract

In this study, concentrations of Cd, Ni, Pb, and Cr were determined in tobacco, tobacco smoke-condensate, and cigarette ash for selected brands used in Pakistan. Smoking apparatus was designed for metal extraction from cigarette smoke. Samples were digested through microwave digester and then analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). Higher concentration of Ni was detected in imported brands than the counterparts in the local brands. Pb levels were however higher in local brands while significant concentration of Cd was observed in both brands. For Cr, the level in tobacco of local brands was higher than their emitted smoke, whereas imported brands showed higher level in smoke than in tobacco. The cigarette ash retained 65 to 75 of the metal and about 25 to 30 went into the body. While this study revealed the serious requirement to standardize the manufacturing of tobacco products, more importantly is the urgent need for stronger enforcements to put in place to alert the general population about the hazardous effects of cigarettes and the health risks associated with these toxic metals. © 2014 Huma Ajab et al.

Item Type: Article
Impact Factor: cited By 13
Uncontrolled Keywords: cadmium; chromium; cigarette smoke; lead; nickel; tobacco smoke; metal; smoke, article; ash; atomic absorption; atomic absorption spectrometry; cigarette ash; comparative study; content analysis; controlled study; flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer; health hazard; human; metal extraction; microwave radiation; moisture; Pakistan; population; smoking; tobacco; tobacco consumption; toxicity and intoxication; analysis; chemistry; smoke; tobacco; toxicity, Metals; Pakistan; Smoke; Spectrophotometry, Atomic; Tobacco
Depositing User: Ms Sharifah Fahimah Saiyed Yeop
Date Deposited: 25 Mar 2022 09:06
Last Modified: 25 Mar 2022 09:06
URI: http://scholars.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/31329

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